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From the Timeline: 1920-1940: Pride and Progress
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Built by Richard Hotaling, the stately home pictured here was part of a dairy that Hotaling named Sleepy Hollow after the short story of the same name by family friend, Washington Irving. In the '20s and into the '30s, the Hotaling mansion served as the clubhouse for the Sleepy Hollow Golf Course.
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Optimism swept the country-and San Anselmo-after the Allied victory in World War I. With the arrival of the Roaring Twenties, Americans were basking in an era of immense prosperity, crowned by a robust, speculative stock market and boasting exciting technological advances. Socially and culturally, life was changing, too: Passage of the 19th Amendment gave women the vote in 1920. The same year, America followed San Anselmo's lead: the 18th Amendment ushered in national Prohibition.
Charles Lindbergh's historic transatlantic flight in 1927 exemplified to many the promise of American ingenuity, as did the output from Henry Ford's revolutionary assembly line: Model A's began rolling off the line in 1928 at prices many Americans could afford. The 1920s also saw the dawning of the "Flapper Era" when liberated women's hemlines rose daringly. The Jazz Age drove the era's "Flaming Youth" (wearing their signature Great Gatsby-style raccoon coats) wild for the music of Bessie Smith and Duke Ellington, among many others, notably George Gershwin.
Closer to home, San Anselmo enjoyed the limelight created by another new technology of the '20s: The movies. The town was featured in productions starring silent-film great, Beatriz Michelena.
Financially, the robust national economy fed the continued growth of San Anselmo's business district and included construction of the Tamalpais Theater (1924) and the Bank of Italy Building (1925), now the Bank of America.
In 1925, Gabriel Franchini opened the Home Market in the building next door to the bank in an Italianate structure that he and Leon Galatoire built at a cost of $50,000. Featuring state-of-the-art delivery trucks and refrigeration, Home Market was the first supermarket in San Anselmo: Everything was under one roof, meat to produce.
Other notable buildings rose in the '20s, among them two houses for the Seminary-still in use today-designed by newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst's favorite architect, Julia Morgan. In 1928 the Seminary also built a redwood gymnasium on Bouick Field, which would find new life decades later as a home for the arts. Two new schools also opened: Saint Anselm's School in 1924 and Red Hill School (Isabel Cook) in 1928. Main School was remodeled 1922: The old wooden building was replaced by a larger red-brick structure.
Prosperity also inspired recreation. In 1924, the town paid $7,000 for seven acres to build Recreation Park (later Memorial Park). The Log Cabin there, built in 1933 by the American Legion and the Boy Scouts of America, became a center of community activity, as did the baseball field. San Anselmans loved baseball: Teams included the San Anselmo Wildcats and a respected, semi-professional "Merchants Baseball Team."
The financial boom times ended sharply in 1929, with crash of the Stock Market and the onset of the Great Depression. The first victim in San Anselmo was a plan to build a large resort hotel in Sleepy Hollow.
The Sleepy Hollow hotel would have included a mile-long lake and two golf courses. One of the courses was built, the Sleepy Hollow Golf and Country Club, and opened in 1937. Said to be the second-longest course in the nation, it closed after only four years due to cash and legal problems, development pressures, and diversion of water to Hamilton Air Force Base. World War II had begun.
Closure of the golf course did not deter interest in developing Sleepy Hollow. Over the years, the pretty valley had passed through several owners and lessees, but it had remained largely devoted to cattle and dairy farming since the early 1800s. Peter Austin, one of the first property owners in Sleepy Hollow after the Sais family, had dreamed of building a hotel there as early as 1878.
It was Lang Realty that brought Austin's expansion dream to life, though its emphasis was single-family living. Lang began the subdivision of Sleepy Hollow in the early 1930s, and opened a tract office at the corner of Deer Hollow and Butterfield roads during the 1940s, selling 141 one-acre residential lots.
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Sidebars
Deysher and Lafargue: Masters of Heavy Metal
If had to do with metal and transportation, William Deysher and Ben Lafargue knew how to do the job-and how to keep up with the changing technologies. They opened their blacksmith shop at the Hub in 1904, then retooled to build both railroad cars and trucks, including San Anselmo's first motorized fire truck that retired fire-horses Colonel and Major. In the 1920s, Deysher and Lafargue handled the next big thing, cars, from their multi-purpose machine shop, gas station, and freight center.
Homemade in San Anselmo
Rose Shapira was the owner of
Shapira's Drug Store at the Hub,
a popular spot when it opened in
the early 1900s and a homegrown
business that made a name for
itself when the enterprising Miss
Shapira began concocting her
own tooth powder in the back
room.
Marketed under the catchy title
Sher-Pira, the tooth powder was
a commercial success. Some say
it was also good at what it did,
perhaps too good: Quipped resident
Donald C. Perry in his oral history,
"Yes, she made it herself. Guaranteed
to wear your teeth down to the nubbins
in three years, but it tasted good."
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Silent movie still taken in front of Montgomery Chapel.
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It's a Wrap: Movie Time in San Anselmo
Silent film star and wife of the head of a San Rafael-based movie studio, Beatriz Michelena is wooed in front of Montgomery Chapel in this still
from one of a handful of films shot in and around San Anselmo between 1915 and 1929 and mostly starring Miss Michelena.
But it was Gloria Swanson who gave San Anselmans a thrill, because it was her silent film, "The Hummingbird," that was shown in 1924 when the Tamalpais Community Theater opened its doors for a 65-year run. Managed by the Blumenfeld family, the theater closed after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake; the screen and the seating portion of the building was demolished in the 1990s.
Even before the theater opened, San Anselmo residents were privy to the latest in motion-picture technology. The Cheda building shown here, circa 1920, was home first to the San Anselmo Theater-a turn-of-the-century nickelodeon-and, in 1921, the Strand opened, the first theater in Marin to utilize the next big thing in moving pictures, the arc lamp. The Strand, however, couldn't compete with the upcoming projector-based Tamalpais Theater and closed the same year the Tamalpais opened.
Movie history continued to be made in San Anselmo, not only in the 1970s when divisions of Lucasfilm were in town, but also beginning in 1939 as home to movie-makers, H. G. & M.
Next: 1940-1970: The War Ends, a Boom Begins
Use of text and photos prohibited without permission from the The San Anselmo Historical Society
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